Background Modern fashion industry causes serious environmental problems due to waste production and mass consumption. Thus, there have been efforts to create environmental-friendly designs and the up-cycling design has become an alternative way that does not only use wastes as an important source of use, but also as something that adds aesthetic elements for the design. The purpose of this study is to upcycle product designs applying used firehoses which is known to be difficult to recycle. Methods This study takes a look at the ideas of upcycling and the characteristics of a firehose and analyzes upcycling product designs of domestic and foreign brands. The goal is to upcycle bags and create a design applying used firehoses Result A total of 6 bags were designed after cutting, washing used firehoses and patching them into pieces through a handicraft work. For the production, a name `Fire Markers,` which means `traces of fire.` was given as a brand name. Since consumers regard individuality importantly, uniqueness and originality were taken into account and as a result, possibilities of producing eco-friendly recycling materials from washing used firehoses have come across. Conclusion Through the development of designing upcycled bags, hopefully an activation plan of effectively using upcycled products arise and have a positive effect on the Korean upcycle market where social interest and industrial base are weak.

keyword : 폐소방호스, 재활용, 업사이클링 디자인, Used firehose, Recycle, Upcycling Design

Background Traditional jewelry that mainly had consisted of metal jewelry went through changes from the Post-Modernism era, and art jewelry items with various shapes, materials and types were developed. The most distinctive feature of contemporary jewelry is the use of various materials. In particular, art jewelry made with soft materials like fabrics shows diverse variation in size and shape. Leather is a natural material with outstanding flexibility and durability, and it is possible to create many different kinds of jewelry with leather. In addition, properties of leather can be modified depending on the processing technique, so artists can create a variety of leather jewelry reflecting their intention and creativity. In this regard, I would like to look into the features of leather as a material for jewelry and the potential of leather jewelry for further development based on the features and meaning of leather jewelry in the contemporary era. Methods In this research, I will analyze how the materials of jewelry evolved in the modern era based on literature and case study on works, on works, in order to understand the potential of leather for the jewelry work. Based on this, I will look into the concept of artistic jewelry and their changes after the Post Modernism era. In addition, based on the understanding of the features and the leather processing techniques, I will analyze leather jewelry in three aspects: changes in its properties; combination among individual units of jewelry and change in the scope of jewelry whereby a jewelry item covers wider body parts of the wearer. Then I will discuss the features of leather jewelry and their potential for further development. Results I studied the features of leather jewelry in terms of their shapes and properties as well as relevant processing techniques, based on the understanding of the background and features regarding the use of various materials for jewelry. Leather can become jewelry of various shapes thanks to its flexibility and solidity, which are also the features of fabrics and metals, respectively. In addition, there are various application techniques for leather, and combining leather both with leather jewelries and other material jewelries is possible, which enables comfortable wearing of leather jewelry without disturbing the user behaviors. Leather, which is a natural material made from the hide of animals, is an optimal choice for jewelry. In addition, leather holds significant possibility for the expandability of expression and the development of various jewelry design. Conclusion Connecting tradition with modernity, as well as artificial with nature, leather is a unique material that enables various expressions. Use of leather in contemporary jewelry is evolving, showing the great potential of leather as a creative method that holds unique aesthetic value.

keyword : 아트장신구, 가죽장신구, 가죽의 종류와 가공기법, Art jewelry, leather jewelry, types of leather and processing techniques

Background The purpose of this study is to look into the structural relationship between variables by selecting a self-nail consumer`s consumption motivation, self-efficacy, nail involvement and continuance intention with the aim of presenting marketing strategies, etc. in line with consumers` needs of the new self-nail market by grasping consumers` wide variety of individuality, desires, concern for self-nail, or nail care behavior, etc. consequent on the steady increase in the number of self-nail consumers. Methods This study conducted a survey of 594 females in their 20s~ 50s, who were doing self-nail care more than once a month, from July 30, 2016 until August 28, 2016, and this study obtained the conclusion based on the analysis results using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. Conclusions It was shown that there was a direct effect between variables. First, it was found that a self-nail consumer`s consumption motivation, self-efficacy, nail involvement had a direct influence on continuance intention. In other words, it was found that the higher the self-nail consumption motivation, self-nail self-efficacy and self- nail involvement, the higher the continuation intention. In addition, self-nail involvement was found to be a variable having the biggest influence on continuance intention.

keyword : 셀프네일, 소비동기, 지속의도, Self-Nail, Consumption Motivation, Continuance Intention

Background Recently, Responsive Web is being used to ensure that the resolution and layout of a variety of devices are converted and optimized in a wide variety of devices. Research on the composition of the grid is needed to coordinate and visualize the elements of these variable layouts in the responsive web. Methods In the design of the responsive Web Grid, we wanted to propose a way to design a visual center in order to visualize the layout of the layout elements. We looked at the types and patterns of the grid and, then established the relationship between the theoretical visual centers and the actual visual center, and set the formula to derive the visual center coordinates. Based on the set formulas, we calculated the coordinate values of the actual visual centers of the web sites according to the conversion times of Media Query, and compared them to see how well the final values were produced in the theoretical visual center. Result The actual visual centers of websites compared to the above were not consistent with the theoretical visual centres that should be located in the upper left-hand corner. Thus, deigning a reponsive web site to the smallest of the values will be designed to match the visual center of visual perception theory, which will satisfy the user`s gaze and attention. Conclusion This study suggests how to apply the principle of visual center to this layout in designing Responsive Web design and by doing so, it will be possible to design an interface that guides the user`s gaze correctly and does not cause confusion.

keyword : 반응형 웹, 그리드, 시각중심, Responsive Web, Grid, Visual Center

Background As broad-blown flower is beautiful, jewelry designed by decided intention and outstanding sense is beautiful. There are many jewels in the world, and a wish of all jewelry designers is to produce these beautiful jewels as worthy jewelry with various designs and proper jewelry setting technique. If diamond emitting beautiful light is not properly set in jewelry, it is difficult for this diamond to create true value, so to consider the proper jewelry setting technique suited to design is to find the good design. Methods This study focuses on the setting of jewels in the jewelry design, so jewelry setting offers a major clue as a design factor, and many jewelries have been set with jewels, so it is meaningful to design a beautiful jewelry suited to conditions considering a design factor on the premise that jewelry setting is influential. Before the design development using the jewelry setting, I looked at the various jewelry setting techniques used in the jewelery and jewelry design using it. Related thesis and book, internet information, and practice in the business world were consulted and quoted about type and explanation of jewelry setting technique, and interview with CEO and jewelry worker working in the jewelry industry for ages was consulted. The researcher added jewelry setting analysis picture and image by jewelry settings of jewelry in internet and book, created jewelry supposed to be set by lino CAD principle of jewelry setting. Result Each jewelry setting technique has a visually different image based on above data for research, so a variety of jewelry image information can be offered to people with visual stimuli, and the study on the development of proper design according to jewelry setting methods is meaningful. Conclusion Diversity and use of jewelry setting will be fully applied as a design factor through this study, and there will be a positive result of jewelry design.

keyword : 보석 세팅, 보석 물림 기법, 알물림, Jewelry setting, jewel setting technique, stone setting

Background The elderly population expanded gradually in modern Asian society as a special community. China`s first blue book shows the high prevalence rate of chronic diseases in the elderly. Daily prescription medicines for chronic diseases, which differ from OTC (over-the-counter) medicines, are not required to be packaged or labelled under the mandatory prescription drug requirement in China. Existing package design need to be improved since there have been frequent reports of misuse and poisoning related to elderly users misusing the medicine due to unclear design. Empathic design offers a new vision for designers to meet the real needs of users by observing their behavior in a natural environment. The literature review shows extensive literature focusing on NPD (new product design) from the perspective of empathy. However, most of these studies were conducted in a Western social context. There is a dearth of research specifically addressing the Asian elderly. The main aim of this study was to develop a new empathic design process for identifying the problems in chronic disease medicine package for Chinese aging users, via the case studies from a design perspective. Methods This paper follows Leonard & Rayport`s empathic design process and is divided into two stages: problem identification（SPI）and problem solving(SPS). Moreover, a new SPI was developed using case studies to identify the problems in chronic disease medicine package. The KANO questionnaire, a half-opened interview and Contextual Inquiry (CI) were the main methods of data collection and analysis. Results The problems revealed in the questionnaire, interview, and CI were summarized and compared. The data shows that the interview found some hidden problems that the questionnaire could not done. Moreover, for the CI, the observation without pre-set questions filled the vacancy of knowledge brought on by the questionnaire and interview. The indirect methods in empathic design such as the empathic probe pack were not very effective for the subject, the elderly people did not respond positively when the researcher showed it to them. Conclusion A new 3-step SPI, which was effective in identifying the problems for Asian elderly users, was developed using case studies： pre-observation, observation and analysis of the collected data.

keyword : Empathic design, Elderly, Package design

Background This study primarily discusses the links and connections of imaginary creatures illustrations between two ancient books: "Classic of the Great Wilderness"(山海經) and "Strange Animals Book"(怪奇鳥獸圖卷). And this study compares and analyses their similarities, and investigates on their historical links between China and Japan. The main aim of this study is to find the relation between two books, to explore the value of those ancient books and to investigate their potential of application to contemporary design and other areas. Methods Literature research: By studying the imaginary creatures illustrations of two books in libraries and museums, and reviewed imaginary creatures that appear in "Classic of the Great Wilderness" and "Strange Animals Book", and then analysed them on a comprehensive and detailed basis. Case research: Representative creatures that appear in both Chinese and Japanese versions were selected for the analysis and comparison. Comparative research: By comparing the images of the imaginary creatures that appear in the two books, the study analyzed their links and relations, and then discussed their heritage in innovating and developing the traditional culture. Result By comparing the images of the imaginary creatures that appear in the two books, the study found the relation between them, identified their similarities, and analyzed their differences. The imaginary creatures in "Classic of the Great Wilderness" gave a big influence to the creation of "Strange Animals Book" as a reference. The imaginary creatures after the integration of the Japanese local imaginary creatures culture system and gradually evolved into a variety of Japanese imaginary creatures images that some are still active now. Although "Classic of the Great Wilderness" was written hundreds of years ago, it remains a creative gem that offers insight for innovation. A close correlation exists between valuable cultural inheritance and innovation. Conclusion According to the description and images of various imaginary creatures in "Classic of the Great Wilderness", the imaginary creatures are used as a reference in the creation of "Strange Animals Book" for depicting cultural elements from China. A number of them have been disseminated through local Japanese culture, and many classic Japanese monsters images are still well known today, such as Tengu(天狗). And with the evolution of these traditional images, they were known and loved by more people, and were used in various fields. Important traditional books such as “The Classic of the Great Wilderness” and "Strange Animals Book" are priceless sources for creating contemporary design and inspiration. Those ancient books left a great wealth on the art of thinking and imagination, so they are worth letting more people learn and study their mystery.

keyword : Classic of the Great Wilderness, Strange Animals Book, Imaginary Creatures

Background The deformation technique influenced the advertisement area and represented the advertising by the creative expression. In addition, it is utilized not only in the low-involvement product adverti sing but also in the high-involvement product advertising and used as effective advertisement strategy. However, the specific research on the effects of the high-involvement product advertising using the deformation technique is deficient. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to study the effect of the high-involvement advertising using deformation technique and intended to analyze the influence of the deformation advertisement type on the audiences. Methods The self-administered questionnaire survey was performed from the adults females and males aged between 30s and 50s who have high possibility to buy TV products. Total 153 questionnaires were collected and the frequency analysis, variance analysis and the reliability analysis were performed with the collected data using SPSS 20.0 program. Result First, it was confirmed that there is significant difference in the cognitive reaction according to the deformation advertisement type. Second, it was confirmed that there is significant difference in the advertising attitude according to the deformation advertisement type. Third, it was confirmed that there is significant difference in the product attitude according to the deformation advertisement type. Fourth, it was confirmed that there is significant difference in the purchase intention according to the deformation advertisement type. Conclusion This study provided the theoretical framework of deformation technique and proposed the effective application measures in making the advertising by analyzing the effects of the high-involvement product advertisement using deformation technique empirically.

keyword : 데포르마시옹, 고관여 제품, 광고 효과, Deformation, High involvement product, Advertising effect

Background Since the appearance of smartphones, technology has been developed and continued to present new digital devices to the market. Among them, smart watches attracted attention of all levels of society with the expectation for being the up-and-coming industry in the area of wearable media in the near future because of their potential for the future, but at present, their growth has been slowed down. Some of its reasons are the absence of key contents and poor availability due to inconvenient user interface. Therefore, researches on user convenience, creation of the contents related to interest induction for consistent use, and the improvement of their interface design are being urgently demanded. Methods In this study, based on preceeding researches, the characteristics and availability of smart watches, interface designs and their categories were examined, and based on which, a case study was conducted focusing on entertainment contents, and the direction for the improvement of interface design of smart watches were investigated. Result As for smart watches, users go through the process of watching and choosing different icons and information on a very small screen, so the space needs to be used in an efficient way. At present, it is difficult to elaborately control applications of smart watches, so users use main contents with their smart phones and only check data with smart watches subsidiarily or control them in a simple way, and the ways to overcome these limitations and to arouse users` interest are being demanded. Conclusion When the interface of smart watches is designed, diverse input tools should be considered together, for instance, voice recognition, motion gesture using a wrist, and a device`s own input means, such as Crown of Apple Watch, along with visual elements. For the design of interface of smart watches, not only the availability of existing mobile media interface designs but also smart watches` own features as a media have to be considered.

keyword : 스마트워치, 웨어러블 미디어, 인터페이스 디자인, Smartwatch, Wearable Media, Interface Design

Background The purpose of this study was analyzing the fashion characteristics of African-American hiphop musicians in terms of digital technology and providing data that can be used in fashion industry such as fashion brand image planning, fashion advertisement and etc. Methods In the literature research, digital technology was studied through literature related to digital technology, articles and sites. And in the demonstrative research, the fashion characteristics expressed in African-American hiphop musicians` videos were analyzed in aspect of digital technology. Result The characteristics of digital technology were classified in to four categories: Virtual Reality Systems, Glitch Art, Interactive Performance and Hologram Art and these features were confirmed as digital fashion images of African-American hip-hop musician music videos. These characteristics of digital technology were verified that composing fashion images of African-American hiphop musician music videos and classified in to Virtual Reality Image, Glitch Image, Interactive Image, Hologram Image and etc. First, Virtual Reality Image represented by Kendrick Lamar wearing red suit, destroyed denim jacket, t-shirt and walker used virtual reality systems that the user interacts with the three-dimensional situation. Second, Glitch Image represented by Asap rocky and Frank Ocean wearing beanie, beige colored coat and kimono used glitch art that occurs a temporary malfunction or error in the computer. Third, Interactive Image represented by Kanye West wearing mask and red sneakers used interactive performance that interacts with the performer directly. Finally, Hologram Image represented by Drake and Nicki Minaj wearing parka, sweater, t-shirt, denim jeans, jogger jeans, walker and one-piece used hologram art that phenomenon of light caused by the holography. Conclusion African-American hiphop musicians are spreading to general people using videos. Also it has great influence on the consumers such as consumption, fashion, model, music and culture. Thus, the fashion features in the videos are expected to help to lead the fashion trends.

keyword : 디지털 기술, 미국 흑인 힙합 뮤지션, 패션 특성, Digital Technology, African-American Hiphop musicians, Fashion characteristics