Vol.88  No.0  2025

Background Smart factories are systems that converge ICT and manufacturing technologies to enhance productivity and quality through real-time data analysis. In this context, data structuring and visualization have a significant effect on user decision-making. Especially in an environment where users of various roles need to interpret the same information, storytelling-based visualization design that considers user context is becoming important. This study examines the effect of data storytelling information patterns on user decision -making and whether there is a moderating effect of user's work environment. Methods The independent variable was designed as ‘hierarchical exploratory’ and ‘hierarchical aggregation’ data storytelling patterns, focusing on the two-way data flow between process and equipment units utilizing the hierarchical information structure of MES (Manufacturing Execution System). The moderating variable was divided the work environment into ‘office-centered environment’ and ‘field-centered environment’ in consideration of user work characteristics in the era of IT/OT convergence. The user decision-making (information quality, functional quality) was verified using mixed-design ANOVA. Result The hypothesis was accepted as there were a differences in information quality (p<.001) and functional quality (p<.001) depending on the data storytelling information pattern(hierarchical exploratory, hierarchical aggregation) and user work environment(office-centric, field-centric). In particular, the interaction effects had large effect sizes of 65.6% and 69.5%, respectively. Specifically, office-centric users preferred a hierarchical aggregation pattern that analyzed defect condition and defect rate data from the bottom-up, from equipment to process, to understand how equipment-level problems affect overall process quality. On the other hand, field-centric users preferred a hierarchical exploratory pattern, analyzing defect rate and condition data top-down from process to equipment to understand how higher-level process anomalies affect lower-level equipment. Conclusion This study is significant in that it empirically verifies the effect of storytelling patterns in data visualization on user decision-making in the context of smart factory user work environments, and suggests interaction guidelines for data delivery methods by identifying the effect of information flow methods on problem recognition and execution based on user work environments.

keyword : 스마트팩토리 대시보드, 데이터 스토리텔링, 사용자 의사결정, Smart factory Dashboard, Data Storytelling, User Decision-Making

Background Persona and Customer Journey Map methodologies have been widely used in design research to effectively identify user needs. Recently, generative artificial intelligence (AI) has been introduced into various stages of the design field, such as data analysis, idea generation, and visualization. However, empirical studies comparing generative AI-based research with traditional human researcher-driven approaches remain insufficient. Accordingly, this study aims to compare and analyze the results of applying generative AI in the initial user needs exploration phase of a ‘small sightseeing boat design’ project with those of conventional, human researcher-centered research. Methods Two parallel research processes were conducted to generate personas and customer journey maps. First, the researcher (designer) created personas and journey maps using traditional methods. For comparative purposes, the same materials were also produced using generative AI tools such as ChatGPT. The results from both methods were then presented to six professional designers, who evaluated them through a survey using a five-point Likert scale and provided open-ended feedback. Additionally, content comparison and qualitative analysis were undertaken to assess the impact of generative AI on design research methods and to identify distinctions from existing approaches. Result Generative AI demonstrated clear advantages in rapid large-scale data collection, standardized data organization, and repetitive tasks. It was able to produce personas and customer journey maps covering various age groups and occupations in a consistent format within a short period. In contrast, human researcher-driven studies offered greater ‘authenticity’ and ‘creativity’ by delicately capturing real experiences, emotions, and detailed contexts. Survey results indicated that experts considered a combination of both methods to be complementary and effective. However, generative AI tended to produce typical, generalized results, while the human method was time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, AI proves useful for quickly exploring a wide range of cases, with subsequent refinement of details through human reasoning being the most effective approach. Conclusion The findings reveal that generative AI and human researcher-driven design research each have distinct strengths and limitations. Generative AI excels at rapid information gathering and producing standardized results, whereas human researchers are better at in-depth interpretation of user context and creative approaches. Experts recognized that combining the speed of AI with the deep insights of experts can greatly enhance both the efficiency and quality of research. Further studies utilizing advanced AI techniques in various industries are required, and it is expected that collaborative, hybrid approaches between generative AI and human researchers will enable more precise and in-depth design research in the future.

keyword : 생성형 인공지능 디자인 리서치, 페르소나 기법, 고객여정지도, Generative AI Design Research, Persona, Customer Journey Map

Background Color plays a crucial role in design as a medium for conveying information. However, individuals with color vision deficiency (CVD) experience difficulties in distinguishing certain colors, leading to unequal access to visual information in various environments. This results not only in inconvenience but also in significant limitations to rights such as the right to education, consumer rights, and even life safety. Despite the importance of this issue, previous research on design for CVD individuals has primarily focused on technical corrections or specific media, lacking a comprehensive analysis. Therefore, this study aims to compare and analyze trends over the past 25 years in domestic CVD-related design research, examining the types of media, changes in services, and application areas, and to propose a direction for future color universal design. Methods To systematically analyze the trends and developments in design research for individuals with color vision deficiency, this study conducted a scoping review of 36 selected research papers. The PRISMA(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were employed to enhance the reliability and validity of the literature selection and analysis. In addition,a snowball sampling method was used to expand the scope of the discussion and provide a more comprehensive understanding of the research landscape related to CVD design. Result The analysis revealed that digital media allows for flexible design through real-time color correction and user customization, whereas print media, which is difficult to modify after production, relies heavily on non-color visual elements for information accessibility. In the early 2000s, design services for CVD individuals were primarily driven by technical approaches focused on color correction. Over time, these have expanded into universal design applications on web and mobile platforms. More recently, design strategies have evolved to include emotional UX and real-time adaptive interfaces. Public design tends to emphasize accuracy and normative clarity in information delivery, while market-centered design focuses on user experience, personalized interfaces, and emotional engagement. Conclusion Design for individuals with color vision deficiency has evolved from simple color correction to an integrated approach that encompasses technology, emotional design, and user environments. In particular, recent advancements in data-driven digital technologies have enabled the development of interactive interfaces that support real-time adjustment, shifting away from static compensatory designs toward dynamic and participatory information systems. Moving forward, a comprehensive design strategy is needed-one that considers both universality and flexibility, and reflects both public and commercial design values through institutionalized color universal design principles.

keyword : 색각 이상자, 컬러 유니버설 디자인, CUD, 색채 디자인, Color vision deficiency, CVD, Color Universal Design, CUD, Color design

Background Vincent van Gogh was an artist who profoundly expressed his inner emotions through both paintings and letters, with his sentiments manifesting in complex layers that correspond to the emotional turbulence of each period in his life. However, there is a notable lack of research that systematically compares and analyzes the temporal dynamics of his emotional expressions across these two distinct media-visual art and textual. Methods This study extracted 7-dimensional emotion vectors from Van Gogh's paintings and letters using Open CLIP and GoEmotions-based BERT models. Dimensionality reduction techniques-PCA, t-SNE, and UMAP-were applied to construct emotional embedding spaces and visualize temporal emotion trajectories. Result PCA analysis revealed a general shift toward more negative and intense emotions in later periods. In contrast, t-SNE and UMAP highlighted greater variability and non-linear transitions in emotional expression across media. Paintings exhibited more dispersed and dynamic emotional patterns, while letters showed a more cohesive and stable emotional flow. Conclusion By comparing emotional trajectories in paintings and letters, this study offers an aesthetic framework for understanding Van Gogh's emotional evolution over time and highlights the complementary characteristics of emotion conveyed through different artistic media.

keyword : 빈센트 반 고흐, 감성 궤적, 멀티모달 감정 임베딩, Vincent van Gogh, Emotion Trajectory, Multimodal Emotion Embedding

Background Contemporary textile art focuses on the tactile quality and transformability of textiles. In particular, the burn technique is a sculptural method that expresses the reality of objects and fundamental human emotions from the perspectives of time, traces, extinction, and regeneration. The aim of this study is to explore whether this burnmarks’ artworks can expand aesthetic and artistic possibilities in textile design. Methods This study examines the development of burnmarks’ artworks in contemporary art and its various applications in contemporary textile art. It considers the meaning of burnmarks and its transformation process through literature, analysing cases from domestic and international artists. Furthermore, it comprehensively analyses the role and significance of burnmarks' traces as index signs based on Charles Peirce's semiotic theory. Result The artists Ann Hamilton, Chiharu Shiota, and El Anatsui, who portrait the burnmarks’ artworks in their art, view it not merely as destruction but as a connection between disappearance and regeneration, destruction and creation, the past and the present, thereby creating unique visual languages within their respective contexts. Conclusion ‘Burnmarks’ is an important aesthetic language of contemporary textile art that creates new meanings and is a trace that directly connects reality in artworks according to the concept of indicator symbols in Peirce, and is expected to be a key element in expanding creative expression in the future.

keyword : 현대 섬유미술, 태움, 지표 기호, Contemporary fiber art, Burnmarks, Indexical Sign

Background Unmanned ticketing kiosks at tourist destinations are widely used as a contactless service to enhance convenience for visitors. However, foreign tourists often face difficulties due to language and cultural barriers. This study aims to understand the kiosk usage experience of foreign users visiting tourist sites in Korea and to propose user-centered design improvements. Methods This study was conducted at Haeundae, a popular tourist destination in Busan. From May 13 to 14, 2025, participatory observation was conducted with 12 foreign users of the ticketing kiosk located in Haeundae Blueline Park. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted with 46 foreign visitors to collect qualitative data. Result Findings from field observations and interviews identified several key pain points in the user experience: low visibility of language selection, unclear information flow, missing translations during the payment process, and insufficient feedback when errors occurred. Environmental factors such as limited physical accessibility and a lack of clear visual guidance also contributed to user confusion. Conclusion To offer an intuitive and inclusive experience to foreign tourists, ticketing kiosks must improve in areas such as language accessibility, information structure, feedback mechanisms, and physical guidance elements. This study contributes to user experience (UX) enhancement by presenting actionable design directions based on real user behavior.

keyword : UX, 키오스크, AEIOU 프레임워크, Kiosk, AEIOU Framework

Background In the digital content environment, UX/UI design has emerged as a key strategy to enhance users’ emotional experiences, with motion graphics serving as a major tool for emotional communication. This study aims to empirically analyze the impact of different types of motion graphic expressions in UX/UI design on the efficiency of emotional communication. Methods The motion graphics were classified into emotional, dynamic, and neutral types. For the experimental stimuli, the UX/UI content of the official websites of Apple (emotional type), Nike (dynamic type), and the Seoul Metropolitan Government (neutral type) were selected. A total of 181 valid responses were collected from the experiment. One-way ANOVA and Scheffé post-hoc tests were conducted to analyze the differences among the types. Additionally, multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the influence of emotional delivery factors on user satisfaction. Result The emotional-type UX/UI design recorded the highest scores across all three emotional response indicators. Notably, it demonstrated statistically significant differences in the clarity of emotional delivery, emotional immersion, user satisfaction, and intention for reuse. In the relationship between emotional intensity and user satisfaction, the emotional-type design showed a high regression coefficient, indicating that the strength of emotional stimuli plays a key role in shaping satisfaction. Open-ended responses also reflected positive evaluations of the emotional stimulus, highlighting its effectiveness in eliciting emotional empathy and conveying authenticity in the content. Conclusion This study experimentally verified the effects of emotion-centered UX/UI design on emotional delivery accuracy, perceived emotional intensity, and user satisfaction, confirming that visually driven emotional cues in motion graphics enhance user experience in digital content design. The findings suggest that strategies for inducing emotional immersion in UX/UI design function as a structured approach to shaping user responses. In particular, the use of emotion-centered motion graphics can strengthen emotional bonds with users and serve as an effective tool for increasing the persuasiveness of content.

keyword : 모션그래픽, 감정 전달 효율성, 사용자 만족도, Motion Graphics, Emotional Communication Efficiency, User Satisfaction

Background Recommender systems provide personalized experiences across various platforms. However, even in advanced algorithmic environments, issues such as user fatigue, diminished trust, and lack of persuasive recommendation logic persist. These challenges suggest that contextual alignment with user expectations is as important as technical precision. This study empirically examines the interaction between recommendation types and platform consumption contexts to identify user acceptance patterns. Methods Three recommendation types―content-based, collaborative, and context-aware―were used as independent variables. Platform types were categorized according to consumption orientation (hedonic, exploratory, functional, symbolic) and used as moderating variables. Four user experience factors―satisfaction, perceived usefulness, fatigue, and continuance intention― were measured. A repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis was conducted with 200 participants, and in-depth interviews were performed to supplement the quantitative data. Result Content-based recommendations received the most favorable evaluations across all platforms. Collaborative recommendations showed low acceptance due to unclear rationale and increased fatigue. Context-aware recommendations were effective on functional and symbolic platforms, but less so on emotion-driven platforms. Conclusion The findings suggest that recommendation acceptance is influenced more by interpretability and trust than by performance alone. This highlights the importance of contextual alignment in personalized UX design. By analyzing cross-effects between recommendation approaches and platform types, this study provides a practical framework for future ethical design and AI-based UX strategies.

keyword : 개인화, 추천 시스템, 플랫폼 유형, Personalization, Recommendation System, Platform Categories

Background Visual posters are widely used as an important communication tool that delivers information effectively and captures attention within a short period of time. In particular, color contrast, which enhances visual salience, and message coherence, which improves clarity of communication, are critical design elements that influence the viewer’s cognitive response. While previous studies have focused on the individual effects of these elements, empirical research that comprehensively examines their relative impact and interrelationship remains limited. Methods This study conducted an experiment on 280 domestic college students to analyze the effects of color contrast and message consistency on the visual focus and cognitive satisfaction of poster design recipients. Using real poster designs, four types of stimuli were created, including color contrast-centered stimuli and message consistency-centered stimuli. After the experiment, a questionnaire was conducted on each stimuli. The results were derived using reliability analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), regression analysis, and mediation effect analysis using the statistical program SPSS. Result The results showed that posters with high color contrast elicited significantly higher levels of visual attention, while posters with strong message coherence resulted in significantly greater cognitive satisfaction. Furthermore, a statistically significant positive correlation was found between visual attention and cognitive satisfaction. These findings indicate that the two design elements affect cognitive responses differently and function complementarily. Conclusion This study empirically confirms that color contrast and message coherence have specialized effects on visual guidance and message comprehension, respectively. The findings suggest that strategic combinations of visual elements are essential for effective poster design. These insights can inform not only practical design applications but also educational approaches in visual communication. Future studies should consider expanding the analysis by incorporating quantitative physiological data, such as eye-tracking measurements.

keyword : 컬러 대비, 메시지 일관성, 인지 만족도, Color contrast, Message consistency, Cognitive satisfaction